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Hypertension Treatment – A Complete Guide

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It is a condition in which blood pressure rises beyond normal limits.It is usually silent, with no signs or symptoms.

It can lead to severe complications.

  • Heart attacks
  • Strokes
  • Kidney damage

Symptoms of high blood pressure- 

The rare symptoms –

  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Bleeding from the nose
  • Blurry vision

The Hypertension crisis – 

It is BP < 180/120 mm Hg.

It needs immediate medical intervention.

The symptoms include-

  • Chest pain
  • Shortness of breath
  • Confusion
  • Weakness
  • blurred vision
  • Sudden headache

What is dangerously high blood pressure?

A reading above 180/120mm Hg is an emergency condition.

It can directly damage the organs.

What are the types of Hypertension?

High blood pressure – 

BP<120-129 mmHg/ 80mm Hg

Stage 1 –BP < 130–139 mm Hg/ 80 mm Hg.

Stage 2- BP <140 mm Hg/90 mm Hg or higher. Hypertensive Crisis- <180 mm Hg/120 mm Hg.

Hypertension Medicines – 

  • Thiazide diuretics
  • ACE inhibitors
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Angiotensin 2 blocker

Other medications that are combined to treat high blood pressure

  • Alpha blockers
  • Alpha and beta blockers
  • Beta blocker
  • Aldosterone antagonists
  • Renin inhibitors
  • Vasodilators
  • Central-acting agents

What are the main causes of hypertension?

There is no single identifiable cause of hypertension.

  • Genetics
  • Aging
  • Obesity
  • High-sodium diet
  • Sedentary lifestyle-

About 5% to 15% of cases are due to underlying health conditions.

  • Kidney diseases
  • Sleep apnea
  • Hormonal disorders
  • Medications

High blood pressure in pregnancy- 

When the blood pressure in pregnancy is higher than 140/90 mmHg.

It is of 3 major types-

  • Chronic Hypertension: It is the high blood pressure noted before pregnancy or before the 20th week of pregnancy.
  • Gestational Hypertension: High BP after the 20th week of pregnancy.
  • Preeclampsia: When high blood pressure starts affecting the kidneys or liver.

 

 Antihypertensive medicines are used in pregnancy – 

    • Labzer (Labetalol) – It is a beta-blocker safely used to manage high BP in pregnancy.
  • Methyldopa – It is a centrally acting drug used for long-term hypertension management.
  • Nifedipine – A calcium channel blocker for extended-release BP management.
  • Hydralazine- 

It is given intravenously in an acute pre-eclampsia emergency.

Anti- hypertensive medications to be avoided in pregnancy- 

ACE Inhibitors- lisinopril, benazepril, and captopril

ARBs- candesartan, losartan

Standard Diuretics- hydrochlorothiazide or furosemide

It is important to maintain hydration during hypertension. Why? 

It is important to maintain hydration during hypertension.

Dehydration may lead to several complications-

  • Increased blood viscosity
  • Constricted blood vessels
  • Electrolyte imbalance

Antihypertensive drug side effects – 

  • Dizziness
  • Weakness
  • Swollen ankles or feet
  • Frequent urination
  • Cold hands and feet
  • Lightheadedness
  • Occasional back pain

Do all the antihypertensive drugs cause coughing?

Only the ACE inhibitors cause persistent dry cough.

If it is irritating, one must change the drug combination.

Which is the leading contract pharmaceutical manufacturer for antihypertensive combinations?

Aprazer Healthcare is the top antihypertensive drug manufacturer.

We manufacture a global range of cardiovascular medicines.

Our specialty manufacturing includes-

  • WHO-GMP/EU-GMP manufacturing facilities
  • Worldwide distribution
  • Strong supply chain network

Our specialty product catalogue includes-